e.g.,
     <literal>'Dianne''s horse'</literal>.
     Note that this is <emphasis>not</emphasis> the same as a double-quote
     character (<literal>"</literal>). <!-- font-lock sanity: " -->
    </para>

    <para>
     Two string constants that are only separated by whitespace
     <emphasis>with at least one newline</emphasis> are concatenated
     and effectively treated as if the string had been written as one
     constant.  For example:
<programlisting>
SELECT 'foo'
'bar';
</programlisting>
     is equivalent to:
<programlisting>
SELECT 'foobar';
</programlisting>
     but:
<programlisting>
SELECT 'foo'      'bar';
</programlisting>
     is not valid syntax.  (This slightly bizarre behavior is specified
     by <acronym>SQL</acronym>; <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> is
     following the standard.)
    </para>
   </sect3>

   <sect3 id="sql-syntax-strings-escape">
    <title>String Constants with C-Style Escapes</title>

     <indexterm zone="sql-syntax-strings-escape">
      <primary>escape string syntax</primary>
     </indexterm>
     <indexterm zone="sql-syntax-strings-escape">
      <primary>backslash escapes</primary>
     </indexterm>

    <para>
     <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> also accepts <quote>escape</quote>
     string constants, which are an extension to the SQL standard.
     An escape string constant is specified by writing the letter
     <literal>E</literal> (upper or lower case) just before the opening single
     quote, e.g., <literal>E'foo'</literal>.  (When continuing an escape string
     constant across lines, write <literal>E</literal> only before the first opening
     quote.)
     Within an escape string, a backslash character (<literal>\</literal>) begins a
     C-like <firstterm>backslash escape</firstterm> sequence, in which the combination
     of backslash and following character(s) represent a special byte
     value, as shown in <xref linkend="sql-backslash-table"/>.
    </para>

     <table id="sql-backslash-table">
      <title>Backslash Escape Sequences</title>
      <tgroup cols="2">
      <thead>
       <row>
        <entry>Backslash Escape Sequence</entry>
        <entry>Interpretation</entry>
       </row>
      </thead>

      <tbody>
       <row>
        <entry><literal>\b</literal></entry>
        <entry>backspace</entry>
       </row>
       <row>
        <entry><literal>\f</literal></entry>
        <entry>form feed</entry>
       </row>
       <row>
        <entry><literal>\n</literal></entry>
        <entry>newline</entry>
       </row>
       <row>
        <entry><literal>\r</literal></entry>
        <entry>carriage return</entry>
       </row>
       <row>
        <entry><literal>\t</literal></entry>
        <entry>tab</entry>
       </row>
       <row>
        <entry>
         <literal>\<replaceable>o</replaceable></literal>,
         <literal>\<replaceable>oo</replaceable></literal>,
         <literal>\<replaceable>ooo</replaceable></literal>
         (<replaceable>o</replaceable> = 0&ndash;7)
        </entry>
        <entry>octal byte value</entry>
       </row>
       <row>
        <entry>
         <literal>\x<replaceable>h</replaceable></literal>,
         <literal>\x<replaceable>hh</replaceable></literal>
         (<replaceable>h</replaceable> = 0&ndash;9, A&ndash;F)
        </entry>
        <entry>hexadecimal byte value</entry>
       </row>
       <row>
        <entry>
         <literal>\u<replaceable>xxxx</replaceable></literal>,
         <literal>\U<replaceable>xxxxxxxx</replaceable></literal>
         (<replaceable>x</replaceable> = 0&ndash;9, A&ndash;F)
        </entry>
        <entry>16 or 32-bit hexadecimal Unicode character value</entry>
       </row>
      </tbody>
      </tgroup>
     </table>

    <para>
     Any other
     character following a backslash is taken literally. Thus, to
     include a backslash character, write two backslashes (<literal>\\</literal>).
     Also, a single quote can be included in an escape string by writing