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postgresql
3rd chunk of `doc/src/sgml/ref/postgres-ref.sgml`
403ea73313ba752b507921060fc0a578f4eb5315bd32fd6b0000000100000fa0
      instance, such as <xref linkend="app-pg-ctl"/>, to query configuration
        parameter values.  User-facing applications should instead use <link
        linkend="sql-show"><command>SHOW</command></link> or the <structname>pg_settings</structname> view.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-d <replaceable>debug-level</replaceable></option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Sets the debug level.  The higher this value is set, the more
        debugging output is written to the server log.  Values are
        from 1 to 5.  It is also possible to pass <literal>-d
        0</literal> for a specific session, which will prevent the
        server log level of the parent <command>postgres</command> process from being
        propagated to this session.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-D <replaceable class="parameter">datadir</replaceable></option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Specifies the file system location of the database
        configuration files.  See
        <xref linkend="runtime-config-file-locations"/> for details.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-e</option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Sets the default date style to <quote>European</quote>, that is
        <literal>DMY</literal> ordering of input date fields.  This also causes
        the day to be printed before the month in certain date output formats.
        See <xref linkend="datatype-datetime"/> for more information.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-F</option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Disables <function>fsync</function> calls for improved
        performance, at the risk of data corruption in the event of a
        system crash.  Specifying this option is equivalent to
        disabling the <xref linkend="guc-fsync"/> configuration
        parameter. Read the detailed documentation before using this!
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-h <replaceable class="parameter">hostname</replaceable></option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Specifies the IP host name or address on which
        <command>postgres</command> is to listen for TCP/IP
        connections from client applications.  The value can also be a
        comma-separated list of addresses, or <literal>*</literal> to specify
        listening on all available interfaces.  An empty value
        specifies not listening on any IP addresses, in which case
        only Unix-domain sockets can be used to connect to the
        server.  Defaults to listening only on
        <systemitem class="systemname">localhost</systemitem>.
        Specifying this option is equivalent to setting the <xref
        linkend="guc-listen-addresses"/> configuration parameter.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-i</option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Allows remote clients to connect via TCP/IP (Internet domain)
        connections.  Without this option, only local connections are
        accepted.  This option is equivalent to setting
        <varname>listen_addresses</varname> to <literal>*</literal> in
        <filename>postgresql.conf</filename> or via <option>-h</option>.
       </para>
       <para>
        This option is deprecated since it does not allow access to the
        full functionality of <xref linkend="guc-listen-addresses"/>.
        It's usually better to set <varname>listen_addresses</varname> directly.
       </para>
      </listitem>
     </varlistentry>

     <varlistentry>
      <term><option>-k <replaceable class="parameter">directory</replaceable></option></term>
      <listitem>
       <para>
        Specifies the directory of the Unix-domain
Title: Postgres Options: Data Directory, Date Style, and Connection Settings
Summary
This section continues the list of general-purpose `postgres` options. It details options for specifying the data directory (`-D`), setting the default date style to European format (`-e`), disabling fsync calls for performance improvement at the risk of data corruption (`-F`), specifying the hostname or address for TCP/IP connections (`-h`), allowing remote clients to connect via TCP/IP (`-i`), and specifying the directory for Unix-domain sockets (`-k`). It also mentions that the `-i` option is deprecated and it is better to directly set `listen_addresses`.