In the scenario you are unable to run the resulting binary: this is arguably the most complicated as it could be any combination of the previous reasons. This type of failure typically occurs when a library attempts to load or open a library it depends on that it does not declare in its `DT_NEEDED` section. As a first step, ensure that dependencies are patched with [`autoAddDriverRunpath`](https://search.nixos.org/packages?channel=unstable&type=packages&query=autoAddDriverRunpath). Failing that, try running the application with [`nixGL`](https://github.com/guibou/nixGL) or a similar wrapper tool. If that works, it likely means that the application is attempting to load a library that is not in the `RPATH` or `RUNPATH` of the binary.
## Running Docker or Podman containers with CUDA support {#cuda-docker-podman}
It is possible to run Docker or Podman containers with CUDA support. The recommended mechanism to perform this task is to use the [NVIDIA Container Toolkit](https://docs.nvidia.com/datacenter/cloud-native/container-toolkit/latest/index.html).
The NVIDIA Container Toolkit can be enabled in NixOS like follows:
```nix
{
hardware.nvidia-container-toolkit.enable = true;
}
```
This will automatically enable a service that generates a CDI specification (located at `/var/run/cdi/nvidia-container-toolkit.json`) based on the auto-detected hardware of your machine. You can check this service by running:
```ShellSession
$ systemctl status nvidia-container-toolkit-cdi-generator.service
```
::: {.note}
Depending on what settings you had already enabled in your system, you might need to restart your machine in order for the NVIDIA Container Toolkit to generate a valid CDI specification for your machine.
:::
Once that a valid CDI specification has been generated for your machine on boot time, both Podman and Docker (> 25) will use this spec if you provide them with the `--device` flag:
```ShellSession
$ podman run --rm -it --device=nvidia.com/gpu=all ubuntu:latest nvidia-smi -L
GPU 0: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 (UUID: <REDACTED>)
GPU 1: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 SUPER (UUID: <REDACTED>)
```
```ShellSession
$ docker run --rm -it --device=nvidia.com/gpu=all ubuntu:latest nvidia-smi -L