until the matching `:endtry`
are executed whenever the part between the matching
`:try` and the `:finally` is left: either by falling
through to the `:finally` or by a `:continue`,
`:break`, `:finish`, or `:return`, or by an error or
interrupt or exception (see `:throw`).
*:th* *:throw* *E608*
:th[row] {expr1} The {expr1} is evaluated and thrown as an exception.
If the `:throw` is used after a `:try` but before the
first corresponding `:catch`, commands are skipped
until the first `:catch` matching {expr1} is reached.
If there is no such `:catch` or if the `:throw` is
used after a `:catch` but before the `:finally`, the
commands following the `:finally` (if present) up to
the matching `:endtry` are executed. If the `:throw`
is after the `:finally`, commands up to the `:endtry`
are skipped. At the `:endtry`, this process applies
again for the next dynamically surrounding `:try`
(which may be found in a calling function or sourcing
script), until a matching `:catch` has been found.
If the exception is not caught, the command processing
is terminated.
Example: >
:try | throw "oops" | catch /^oo/ | echo "caught" | endtry
< Note that "catch" may need to be on a separate line
for when an error causes the parsing to skip the whole
line and not see the "|" that separates the commands.
*:ec* *:echo*
:ec[ho] {expr1} .. Echoes each {expr1}, with a space in between. The
first {expr1} starts on a new line.
Also see |:comment|.
Use "\n" to start a new line. Use "\r" to move the
cursor to the first column.
Uses the highlighting set by the `:echohl` command.
Cannot be followed by a comment.
Example: >
:echo "the value of 'shell' is" &shell
< *:echo-redraw*
A later redraw may make the message disappear again.
And since Vim mostly postpones redrawing until it's
finished with a sequence of commands this happens
quite often. To avoid that a command from before the
`:echo` causes a redraw afterwards (redraws are often
postponed until you type something), force a redraw
with the `:redraw` command. Example: >
:new | redraw | echo "there is a new window"
< *:echo-self-refer*
When printing nested containers echo prints second
occurrence of the self-referencing container using
"[...@level]" (self-referencing |List|) or
"{...@level}" (self-referencing |Dict|): >
:let l = []
:call add(l, l)
:let l2 = []
:call add(l2, [l2])
:echo l l2
< echoes "[[...@0]] [[[...@0]]]". Echoing "[l]" will
echo "[[[...@1]]]" because l first occurs at second
level.
*:echon*
:echon {expr1} .. Echoes each {expr1}, without anything added. Also see
|:comment|.
Uses the highlighting set by the `:echohl` command.
Cannot be followed by a comment.
Example: >
:echon "the value of 'shell' is " &shell
<
Note the difference between using `:echo`, which is a
Vim command, and `:!echo`, which is an external shell
command: >
:!echo % --> filename
< The arguments of ":!" are expanded, see |:_%|. >
:!echo "%" --> filename or "filename"
< Like the previous example. Whether you see the double
quotes or not depends on your 'shell'. >
:echo % --> nothing
< The '%' is an illegal character in an expression. >
:echo "%" --> %
< This just echoes the '%' character. >
:echo expand("%") --> filename
< This calls the expand() function to expand the '%'.
*:echoh* *:echohl*
:echoh[l] {name} Use the highlight group {name} for the following
`:echo`, `:echon` and `:echomsg` commands. Also used
for the `input()` prompt. Example: >
:echohl WarningMsg | echo "Don't panic!" | echohl None
< Don't forget to set the group back to "None",
otherwise all following echo's will be highlighted.
*:echom* *:echomsg*
:echom[sg] {expr1} .. Echo the expression(s) as a true message, saving the
message in the |message-history|.
Spaces are placed between