detect already mounted filesystems. The kernel
table with already mounted filesystems is cached during mount --all.
This means that all duplicated fstab entries will be mounted.
The correct functionality depends on /proc (to detect already
mounted filesystems) and on /sys (to evaluate filesystem tags like
UUID= or LABEL=). It’s strongly recommended to mount /proc and /sys
filesystems before mount -a is executed, or keep /proc and /sys at
the beginning of fstab.
The option --all is possible to use for remount operation too. In
this case all filters (-t and -O) are applied to the table of
already mounted filesystems.
Since version 2.35 it is possible to use the command line option -o
to alter mount options from fstab (see also --options-mode).
Note that it is a bad practice to use mount -a for fstab checking.
The recommended solution is findmnt --verify.
-B, --bind
Remount a subtree somewhere else (so that its contents are available
in both places). See above, under Bind mount operation.
-c, --no-canonicalize
Don’t canonicalize paths. The mount command canonicalizes all paths
(from the command line or fstab) by default. This option can be used
together with the -f flag for already canonicalized absolute paths.
The option is designed for mount helpers which call mount -i. It is
strongly recommended to not use this command-line option for normal
mount operations.
Note that mount does not pass this option to the /sbin/mount.type
helpers.
-F, --fork
(Used in conjunction with -a.) Fork off a new incarnation of mount
for each device. This will do the mounts on different devices or
different NFS servers in parallel. This has the advantage that it is
faster; also NFS timeouts proceed in parallel. A disadvantage is
that the order of the mount operations is undefined. Thus, you
cannot use this option if you want to mount both /usr and
/usr/spool.
-f, --fake
Causes everything to be done except for the actual system call; if
it’s not obvious, this "fakes" mounting the filesystem. This option
is useful in conjunction with the -v flag to determine what the
mount command is trying to do. It can also be used to add entries
for devices that were mounted earlier with the -n option. The -f
option checks for an existing record in /etc/mtab and fails when the
record already exists (with a regular non-fake mount, this check is
done by the kernel).
-i, --internal-only
Don’t call the /sbin/mount.filesystem helper even if it exists.
-L, --label label
Mount the partition that has the specified label.
-l, --show-labels
Add the labels in the mount output. mount must have permission to
read the disk device (e.g. be set-user-ID root) for this to work.
One can set such a label for ext2, ext3 or ext4 using the e2label(8)
utility, or for XFS using xfs_admin(8), or for reiserfs using
reiserfstune(8).
-M, --move
Move a subtree to some other place. See above, the subsection The
move operation.
-m, --mkdir[=mode]
Allow to make a target directory (mountpoint) if it does not exist
yet. Alias to "-o X-mount.mkdir[=mode]", the default mode is 0755.
For more details see X-mount.mkdir below.
-n, --no-mtab
Mount without writing in /etc/mtab. This is necessary for example
when /etc is on a read-only filesystem.
-N, --namespace ns
Perform the mount operation in the mount namespace specified by ns.