credentials from the kernel command line, the DMI/SMBIOS OEM string table, the qemu_fw_cfg subsystem or the EFI kernel stub.

       quiet
           Turn off status output at boot, much like systemd.show_status=no would. Note that this option is also read by the kernel itself and disables kernel log output. Passing this option hence turns off the usual output
           from both the system manager and the kernel.

       debug
           Turn on debugging output. This is equivalent to systemd.log_level=debug. Note that this option is also read by the kernel itself and enables kernel debug output. Passing this option hence turns on the debug output
           from both the system manager and the kernel.

       emergency, rd.emergency, -b
           Boot into emergency mode. This is equivalent to systemd.unit=emergency.target or rd.systemd.unit=emergency.target, respectively, and provided for compatibility reasons and to be easier to type.

       rescue, rd.rescue, single, s, S, 1
           Boot into rescue mode. This is equivalent to systemd.unit=rescue.target or rd.systemd.unit=rescue.target, respectively, and provided for compatibility reasons and to be easier to type.

       2, 3, 4, 5
           Boot into the specified legacy SysV runlevel. These are equivalent to systemd.unit=runlevel2.target, systemd.unit=runlevel3.target, systemd.unit=runlevel4.target, and systemd.unit=runlevel5.target, respectively,
           and provided for compatibility reasons and to be easier to type.

       locale.LANG=, locale.LANGUAGE=, locale.LC_CTYPE=, locale.LC_NUMERIC=, locale.LC_TIME=, locale.LC_COLLATE=, locale.LC_MONETARY=, locale.LC_MESSAGES=, locale.LC_PAPER=, locale.LC_NAME=, locale.LC_ADDRESS=,
       locale.LC_TELEPHONE=, locale.LC_MEASUREMENT=, locale.LC_IDENTIFICATION=
           Set the system locale to use. This overrides the settings in /etc/locale.conf. For more information, see locale.conf(5) and locale(7).

       For other kernel command line parameters understood by components of the core OS, please refer to kernel‐command‐line(7).

OPTIONS
       systemd is only very rarely invoked directly, since it is started early and is already running by the time users may interact with it. Normally, tools like systemctl(1) are used to give commands to the manager. Since
       systemd is usually not invoked directly, the options listed below are mostly useful for debugging and special purposes.

   Introspection and debugging options
       Those options are used for testing and introspection, and systemd may be invoked with them at any time:

       --dump-configuration-items
           Dump understood unit configuration items. This outputs a terse but complete list of configuration items understood in unit definition files.

       --dump-bus-properties
           Dump exposed bus properties. This outputs a terse but complete list of properties exposed on D-Bus.

       --test
           Determine the initial start-up transaction (i.e. the list of jobs enqueued at start-up), dump it and exit — without actually executing any of the determined jobs. This option is useful for debugging only. Note
           that during regular service manager start-up additional units not shown by this operation may be started, because hardware, socket, bus or other kinds of activation might add additional jobs as the transaction is
           executed. Use --system to request the initial transaction of the system service manager (this is also the implied default), combine with --user to request the initial transaction of the per-user service manager
           instead.

       --system, --user
           When used in conjunction with --test, selects whether to calculate the initial transaction for the system instance or for a per-user instance. These options have no effect when invoked without --test, as during
           regular (i.e. non---test) invocations the service manager will automatically detect whether it shall operate in system or