might result in data loss. Note that when --force is specified twice the selected
operation is executed by systemctl itself, and the system manager is not contacted. This means the command should succeed even when the system manager has crashed.
--message=
When used with halt, poweroff or reboot, set a short message explaining the reason for the operation. The message will be logged together with the default shutdown message.
--now
When used with enable, the units will also be started. When used with disable or mask, the units will also be stopped. The start or stop operation is only carried out when the respective enable or disable
operation has been successful.
--root=
When used with enable/disable/is-enabled (and related commands), use the specified root path when looking for unit files. If this option is present, systemctl will operate on the file system directly, instead of
communicating with the systemd daemon to carry out changes.
--image=image
Takes a path to a disk image file or block device node. If specified, all operations are applied to file system in the indicated disk image. This option is similar to --root=, but operates on file systems stored
in disk images or block devices. The disk image should either contain just a file system or a set of file systems within a GPT partition table, following the Discoverable Partitions Specification[1]. For further
information on supported disk images, see systemd‐nspawn(1)'s switch of the same name.
--runtime
When used with enable, disable, edit, (and related commands), make changes only temporarily, so that they are lost on the next reboot. This will have the effect that changes are not made in subdirectories of /etc/
but in /run/, with identical immediate effects, however, since the latter is lost on reboot, the changes are lost too.
Similarly, when used with set-property, make changes only temporarily, so that they are lost on the next reboot.
--preset-mode=
Takes one of "full" (the default), "enable-only", "disable-only". When used with the preset or preset-all commands, controls whether units shall be disabled and enabled according to the preset rules, or only
enabled, or only disabled.
-n, --lines=
When used with status, controls the number of journal lines to show, counting from the most recent ones. Takes a positive integer argument, or 0 to disable journal output. Defaults to 10.
-o, --output=
When used with status, controls the formatting of the journal entries that are shown. For the available choices, see journalctl(1). Defaults to "short".
--firmware-setup
When used with the reboot command, indicate to the system's firmware to reboot into the firmware setup interface. Note that this functionality is not available on all systems.
--boot-loader-menu=timeout
When used with the reboot command, indicate to the system's boot loader to show the boot loader menu on the following boot. Takes a time value as parameter — indicating the menu timeout. Pass zero in order to
disable the menu timeout. Note that not all boot loaders support this functionality.
--boot-loader-entry=ID
When used with the reboot command, indicate to the system's boot loader to boot into a specific boot loader entry on the following boot. Takes a boot loader entry identifier as argument, or "help" in order to list
available entries. Note that not all boot loaders support this functionality.
--reboot-argument=
This switch is used with reboot. The value is architecture and firmware specific. As an example, "recovery" might be used to trigger system recovery, and "fota" might be used to trigger a “firmware over the air”
update.
--plain
When