enclose the pattern in quotes in order to protect it from expansion by
the shell.
-newer reference
Time of the last data modification of the current file is more recent than that of the last data modification of the reference file. If reference is a symbolic link and the -H option or the -L option is in ef‐
fect, then the time of the last data modification of the file it points to is always used.
-newerXY reference
Succeeds if timestamp X of the file being considered is newer than timestamp Y of the file reference. The letters X and Y can be any of the following letters:
a The access time of the file reference
B The birth time of the file reference
c The inode status change time of reference
m The modification time of the file reference
t reference is interpreted directly as a time
Some combinations are invalid; for example, it is invalid for X to be t. Some combinations are not implemented on all systems; for example B is not supported on all systems. If an invalid or unsupported com‐
bination of XY is specified, a fatal error results. Time specifications are interpreted as for the argument to the -d option of GNU date. If you try to use the birth time of a reference file, and the birth
time cannot be determined, a fatal error message results. If you specify a test which refers to the birth time of files being examined, this test will fail for any files where the birth time is unknown.
-nogroup
No group corresponds to file’s numeric group ID.
-nouser
No user corresponds to file’s numeric user ID.
-path pattern
File name matches shell pattern pattern. The metacharacters do not treat ‘/’ or ‘.’ specially; so, for example,
find . -path "./sr*sc"
will print an entry for a directory called ./src/misc (if one exists). To ignore a whole directory tree, use -prune rather than checking every file in the tree. Note that the pattern match test applies to the
whole file name, starting from one of the start points named on the command line. It would only make sense to use an absolute path name here if the relevant start point is also an absolute path. This means
that this command will never match anything:
find bar -path /foo/bar/myfile -print
Find compares the -path argument with the concatenation of a directory name and the base name of the file it’s examining. Since the concatenation will never end with a slash, -path arguments ending in a slash
will match nothing (except perhaps a start point specified on the command line). The predicate -path is also supported by HP‐UX find and is part of the POSIX 2008 standard.
-perm mode
File’s permission bits are exactly mode (octal or symbolic). Since an exact match is required, if you want to use this form for symbolic modes, you may have to specify a rather complex mode string. For exam‐
ple ‘-perm g=w’ will only match files which have mode 0020 (that is, ones for which group write permission is the only permission set). It is more likely that you will want to use the ‘/’ or ‘-’ forms, for ex‐
ample ‘-perm -g=w’, which matches any file with group write permission. See the EXAMPLES section for some illustrative examples.
-perm -mode
All of the permission bits mode are set for the file. Symbolic modes are accepted in this form, and this is usually the way in which you would want to use them. You must specify ‘u’, ‘g’ or ‘o’ if you use a
symbolic mode. See the EXAMPLES section for some illustrative examples.
-perm /mode
Any of the permission bits mode are set for the file. Symbolic modes are accepted