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11th chunk of `systemd.man`
56301a873161c836310eab10f52b6e04b495e98f1ce5ff260000000100000fab
 disabled, meaning that no such switch
           is attempted. If set to enabled, the virtual terminal the kernel
           messages are written to is used instead.

       systemd.crash_shell
           Takes a boolean argument or enables the option if specified without
           an argument. If enabled, the system manager (PID 1) spawns a shell
           when it crashes, after a 10s delay. Otherwise, no shell is spawned.
           Defaults to disabled, for security reasons, as the shell is not
           protected by password authentication.

       systemd.crash_reboot
           Takes a boolean argument or enables the option if specified without
           an argument. If enabled, the system manager (PID 1) will reboot the
           machine automatically when it crashes, after a 10s delay. Otherwise,
           the system will hang indefinitely. Defaults to disabled, in order to
           avoid a reboot loop. If combined with systemd.crash_shell, the
           system is rebooted after the shell exits.

       systemd.confirm_spawn
           Takes a boolean argument or a path to the virtual console where the
           confirmation messages should be emitted. Can be also specified
           without an argument, with the same effect as a positive boolean. If
           enabled, the system manager (PID 1) asks for confirmation when
           spawning processes using /dev/console. If a path or a console name
           (such as "ttyS0") is provided, the virtual console pointed to by
           this path or described by the give name will be used instead.
           Defaults to disabled.

       systemd.service_watchdogs=
           Takes a boolean argument. If disabled, all service runtime watchdogs
           (WatchdogSec=) and emergency actions (e.g.  OnFailure= or
           StartLimitAction=) are ignored by the system manager (PID 1); see
           systemd.service(5). Defaults to enabled, i.e. watchdogs and failure
           actions are processed normally. The hardware watchdog is not
           affected by this option.

       systemd.show_status
           Takes a boolean argument or the constants error and auto. Can be
           also specified without an argument, with the same effect as a
           positive boolean. If enabled, the systemd manager (PID 1) shows
           terse service status updates on the console during bootup. With
           error, only messages about failures are shown, but boot is otherwise
           quiet.  auto behaves like false until there is a significant delay
           in boot. Defaults to enabled, unless quiet is passed as kernel
           command line option, in which case it defaults to error. If
           specified overrides the system manager configuration file option
           ShowStatus=, see systemd‐system.conf(5).

       systemd.status_unit_format=
           Takes name, description or combined as the value. If name, the
           system manager will use unit names in status messages. If combined,
           the system manager will use unit names and description in status
           messages. When specified, overrides the system manager configuration
           file option StatusUnitFormat=, see systemd‐system.conf(5).

       systemd.log_color, systemd.log_level=, systemd.log_location,
       systemd.log_target=, systemd.log_time, systemd.log_tid
           Controls log output, with the same effect as the $SYSTEMD_LOG_COLOR,
           $SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL, $SYSTEMD_LOG_LOCATION, $SYSTEMD_LOG_TARGET,
           $SYSTEMD_LOG_TIME, and $SYSTEMD_LOG_TID environment variables
           described above.  systemd.log_color, systemd.log_location,
           systemd.log_time, and systemd.log_tid= can be specified without an
           argument, with the same effect as a positive boolean.

       systemd.default_standard_output=, systemd.default_standard_error=
           Controls default standard output and error output for services and
           sockets. That is, controls
Title: Systemd Kernel Command Line Options (Continued): Crash Handling, Service Watchdogs, Status Display, and Logging
Summary
This section describes additional systemd kernel command line options. It details systemd.crash_shell and systemd.crash_reboot options which control shell spawning and rebooting on system crashes. It describes systemd.confirm_spawn option, used to enable or disable confirmation prompts when spawning processes from /dev/console. Further details include systemd.service_watchdogs, which determines whether service runtime watchdogs and emergency actions are ignored. It also describes systemd.show_status and systemd.status_unit_format, which control console status updates during boot, and logging options (systemd.log_color, systemd.log_level, etc.) mirroring environment variables. Finally it covers systemd.default_standard_output and systemd.default_standard_error, for configuring default output streams.