Advanced Git Diff Customization

patterns are available: - `ada` suitable for source code in the Ada language. - `bash` suitable for source code in the Bourne-Again SHell language. Covers a superset of POSIX shell function definitions. - `bibtex` suitable for files with BibTeX coded references. - `cpp` suitable for source code in the C and C++ languages. - `csharp` suitable for source code in the C# language. - `css` suitable for cascading style sheets. - `dts` suitable for devicetree (DTS) files. - `elixir` suitable for source code in the Elixir language. - `fortran` suitable for source code in the Fortran language. - `fountain` suitable for Fountain documents. - `golang` suitable for source code in the Go language. - `html` suitable for HTML/XHTML documents. - `java` suitable for source code in the Java language. - `kotlin` suitable for source code in the Kotlin language. - `markdown` suitable for Markdown documents. - `matlab` suitable for source code in the MATLAB and Octave languages. - `objc` suitable for source code in the Objective-C language. - `pascal` suitable for source code in the Pascal/Delphi language. - `perl` suitable for source code in the Perl language. - `php` suitable for source code in the PHP language. - `python` suitable for source code in the Python language. - `ruby` suitable for source code in the Ruby language. - `rust` suitable for source code in the Rust language. - `scheme` suitable for source code in the Scheme language. - `tex` suitable for source code for LaTeX documents. Customizing word diff ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ You can customize the rules that `git diff --word-diff` uses to split words in a line, by specifying an appropriate regular expression in the "diff.*.wordRegex" configuration variable. For example, in TeX a backslash followed by a sequence of letters forms a command, but several such commands can be run together without intervening whitespace. To separate them, use a regular expression in your `$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file) like this: ------------------------ [diff "tex"] wordRegex = "\\\\[a-zA-Z]+|[{}]|\\\\.|[^\\{}[:space:]]+" ------------------------ A built-in pattern is provided for all languages listed in the previous section. Performing text diffs of binary files ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Sometimes it is desirable to see the diff of a text-converted version of some binary files. For example, a word processor document can be converted to an ASCII text representation, and the diff of the text shown. Even though this conversion loses some information, the resulting diff is useful for human viewing (but cannot be applied directly). The `textconv` config option is used to define a program for performing such a conversion. The program should take a single argument, the name of a file to convert, and produce the resulting text on stdout. For example, to show the diff of the exif information of a file instead of the binary information (assuming you have the exif tool installed), add the following section to your `$GIT_DIR/config` file (or `$HOME/.gitconfig` file): ------------------------ [diff "jpg"] textconv = exif ------------------------ NOTE: The text conversion is generally a one-way conversion; in this example, we lose the actual image contents and focus just on the text data. This means that diffs generated by textconv are _not_ suitable for applying. For this reason, only `git diff` and the `git log` family of commands (i.e., log, whatchanged, show) will perform text conversion. `git format-patch` will never generate this output. If you want to send somebody a text-converted diff of a binary file (e.g., because it quickly conveys the changes you have made), you should generate it separately and send it as a comment _in addition to_ the usual binary diff that you might send. Because text conversion can be slow, especially when doing a large number of them with `git log -p`, Git provides a mechanism to cache the output and use it in future

Git provides various options for customizing diff output, including built-in patterns for different programming languages, custom word diff rules, and text conversion for binary files, allowing users to tailor diff output to their specific needs and improve code review efficiency.